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狗(dog)

也许是狗与人类有着较密切的关系,秘以在各种不同的语言中与狗有关的习语竟是那么的多.在汉语中就有"狗腿子","狗眼看人低","狗嘴里吐不出象牙"等令人厌恶的字眼.但对英国人来讲,狗似乎不是那样的讨厌,它们被看作人类的朋友,因此说到狗一般都没有什么恶意.如:

to work like a dog 拼命的工作.因为狗总是勤劳地为主人奔跑着.

love me love my dog. 爱屋及乌

every dog has his day. 狗有得意日,人有得意时.

dog tired 非常疲劳. 皆因打猎时,狗总是东奔西跑,不辞辛苦,必然疲惫不堪.

give a dog an ill name and hang him. 欲加之罪,何患无词.

a living dog is better than a dead lion. 活狗胜于死狮.

dog does not eat dog. 同类不相残.

let sleeping dogs lie. 别惹麻烦.

to help a lame dog over a slite 仗义勇为,助人于危难之中.

to be top dog 居于要位.

to be under dog 居于低位,听命于他人.

有时,dog一字还用来真指"人",如:

a luck dog 幸运儿 

a dirty dog 卑鄙小人

a bull dog 难相处的人

a sad dog 放荡之人

a dead dog 无用之人

a jolly dog 风趣之人

old dog will learn no new trick. 老人学不了新东西.

但是,也许受外来语的影响,狗表示贬意的习语,也大有存在:

dog in the manage 占着茅坑不拉屎

to lead a dog life 过着穷苦的生活

to give the dogs 因无价值而弃掉

to give the dog's death 贫困潦倒而死

things are going to the dogs. 每况愈下.

to dog it 偷懒,磨洋工

everything goes to the dogs. 一切都完了.